Materials and their medical uses
Materials and their medical uses
Metal
- Stainless Steel: Joint replacements, bone fracture fixation, heart valves, electrodes
- Titanium and titanium alloys: Joint replacements, dental bridges and dental implants, coronary stents
- Cobalt-chrome alloys: Joint replacements, bone fracture fixation
- Gold: Dental fillings and crowns, electrodes
- Silver: Pacemaker wires, suture materials, dental amalgams
- Platinum: Electrodes, neural stimulation devices
Ceramics
- Aluminium oxides: Hip implants, dental implants, cochlear replacement
- Zirconia: Hip implants
- Calcium phosphate: Bone graft substitutes, surface coatings on total joint replacements, cell scaffolds
- Calcium sulfate: Bone graft substitutes
- Carbon: Heart valce coatings, orthopedic implants
- Glass: Bone graft substitutes, fillers for dental materials
Polymers
- Nylon: Surgical sutures, gastrointestinal segments, tracheal tubes
- Silicone rubber: Finger joints, artificial skin, breast implants, intraocular lenses, catheters
- Polyester: Resorbable sutures, fracture fixation, cell scaffolds, skin wound coverings, drug delivery devices
- Polyethylene [PE]: Hip and knee implants, artificial tendons and ligaments, synthetic vascular grafts, dentures, and facial implants
- Polymethylmethacrylate [PMMA]: Bone cement, intraocular lenses
- Polyvinylchloride [PVC]: Tubing, facial prostheses
Natural Materials
- Collagen and gelatin: Cosmetic surgery wound dressings, tissue engineering, cell scaffold
- Cellulose: Drug delivery
- Chitin: Wound dressings, cell scaffold, drug delivery
- Ceramics or demineralized ceramics: Bone graft substitute
- Alginate: Drug delivery, cell encapsulation
- Hyaluronic acid: Postoperative adhesion prevention, ophthalmic and orthopedic lubricant, drug delivery, cell scaffold
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