Major organ systems of the body
Major organ systems of the body
Circulatory system:
- Heart, blood vessels, blood, lymphatic vessels and lymph
- Transport of blood throughout the body’s tissues
Respiratory system:
- Nose, pharnyx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs
- Exchange of carbon dioxide and oxygen; regulation of hydrogen-ion concentration.
Digestive system:
- Mouth, pharnyx, esophagus, stomach, intestines, salivary glands, pancreas, liver, gall bladder
- Digestion and absorption of organic nutrients, salts, and water
Urinary system:
- Kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra
- Regulation of plasma composition through controlled excretion of salts, water, and organic wastes
Musculoskeletal system:
- Cartilage, bone, ligaments, tendons, joints, skeletal muscle
- Support, protection, and movement of the body; production of blood cells
Immune system:
- Spleen, thymus, and other lymphoid tissues
- Defense against foreign invaders; return of extracellular fluid to blood; formation of white blood cells
Nervous system:
- Brain, spinal cord, peripheral nerves and ganglia, special sense organs
- Regulation and coordination of many activities in the body; detection of changes in the internal and external environments; states of consciousness; learning; cognition
Endocrine system:
- All glands secreting hormones: Pancreas, testes, ovaries, hypothalamus, kidneys, pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal, intestinal, thymus, heart, pineal
- Regulation and coordination of many activities in the body
Reproductive system:
- Male: Testes, penis, and associated ducts and glands
- Production of sperm; transfer of sperm to female
- Female: Ovaries, uterine tubes, uterus, vagina, mammary glands
- Production of eggs; provision of a nutritive environment for the developing embryo and fetus; nutrition of the infant
Integumentary:
- Skin
- Protection against injury and dehydration; defense against foreign invaders; regulation of temperature
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